Overview of Malta's Maritime Safety Framework
Malta, a prominent flag state for commercial yachts, enforces stringent medical emergency regulations under the Merchant Shipping Act and guidelines from the Maritime Malta Safety Authority (MMSA). These standards align with international conventions like the International Health Regulations (IHR) and the Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping (STCW), ensuring yachts operating under the Maltese flag prioritize crew and passenger safety.
First Aid Training Requirements for Yacht Crew
Certification Mandates
All crew members aboard Maltese-registered yachts must hold a valid STCW Basic Safety Training Certificate, which includes modules in first aid and medical response. Additionally:
Medical Care Afloat Course: For yachts carrying more than 12 passengers, at least one crew member must complete a 2-week Medical Care Afloat (MCA) course approved by the MMSA.
Refresher Training: Certifications must be renewed every 2 years to ensure compliance with updated protocols.
Specialized Training: Crew on larger yachts (over 40 meters) may require advanced training in emergency trauma care or maritime telemedicine.
Key First Aid Competencies
Crew are trained to handle:
- CPR and use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs).
- Management of burns, fractures, and allergic reactions.
- Stabilizing patients for evacuation.
Medical Kit Specifications for Yachts
Mandatory Medical Equipment and Supplies
Maltese regulations require yachts to carry a Marine Medical Kit compliant with WHO Guidelines for First Aid on Board Ships. Minimum contents include:
Wound Care: Sterile dressings, antiseptic solutions, adhesive bandages.
Medications: Analgesics, antihistamines, antiemetics, and antibiotics for infections.
Diagnostic Tools: Thermometer, blood pressure monitor, tongue depressors.
Emergency Equipment: Splints, tourniquet, airways, and oxygen delivery devices.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Gloves, face masks, eye shields.
Additional Provisions Based on Passenger Capacity
Yachts with higher passenger numbers must carry enhanced supplies:
Expanded Medication List: For chronic conditions like diabetes or hypertension.
Pediatric Supplies: If children are frequently onboard.
Telemedicine Kits: For remote consultation with onshore medical professionals.
Emergency Evacuation Procedures
Established Protocols for Immediate Response
Malta mandates a structured chain of command for emergencies:
Initial Assessment: The master or designated medical crew member assesses the situation and administers first aid.
Communication with Authorities: Contact the Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre (MRCC) Valletta (VHF Channel 16 or +356 21 244000) to coordinate evacuation.
Stabilization and Transport: Prepare the patient for transfer via helicopter or rendezvous with a rescue vessel.
Passenger Communication and Drills
Emergency Briefings: All passengers receive safety instructions, including evacuation routes and muster points.
Quarterly Drills: Yachts must conduct mock medical evacuations to test response efficiency.
Record-Keeping: Incident reports are submitted to the MMSA within 72 hours of any medical emergency.
Compliance and Inspections
Yachts undergo periodic inspections by the MMSA to verify adherence to medical protocols. Non-compliance may result in fines, detention of the vessel, or revocation of the Maltese flag registration.
Conclusion
Malta's rigorous standards for first aid training, medical equipment, and evacuation protocols underscore its commitment to maritime safety. Compliance ensures yachts can effectively manage emergencies, safeguarding lives and maintaining Malta's reputation as a trusted flag state.